This innovative approach allows collection of ionospheric data over the ocean from a moving platform LOUISVILLE, Co., April 18, 2023 — Scientists at Orion Space Solutions have developed a revolutionary system that enables imaging of the Earth’s upper atmosphere ionosphere from the ocean surface to detect space weather impacts on Earth. The Ocean Stabilized Ionospheric Remote Imaging Sensor (OSIRIS) uses Orion’s advanced ionospheric sensing technology to collect space physics data from mobile and moored buoys and platforms, allowing scientists to make important observations in the challenging ocean environment. Orion recently launched OSIRIS in the Pacific Ocean on Liquid Robotics’ Wave Glider Uncrewed Surface Vehicle (USV). “Sitting atop this unique, autonomous platform, OSIRIS is the first-ever system to collect ionospheric data from the ocean’s surface,” says Dr. John Noto, Orion’s Chief Scientist. “By developing OSIRIS’ capability to monitor the upper atmosphere, we will gain a better understanding of the dynamics and structure of the ionosphere at local, regional, and global scales.” Around the globe, land-based and buoy-based monitoring systems are used to assess space weather dynamics. Space weather affects Earth-based communications systems, power grids, and other crucial infrastructure. However, in regions such as the Pacific Ocean, few ionospheric sensors exist, making space weather forecasting and nowcasting challenging. Systems such as OSIRIS will fill these data gaps, providing a means of improving understanding of events that impact life on Earth. Collecting scientific observations of space from the ocean surface is challenging due to the ocean’s dynamic and harsh environment and its vast extent. Like buoys deployed in the middle of the ocean, OSIRIS and its Wave Glider must withstand corrosion, extreme weather events, powerful currents, and surging waves. “The Wave Glider is a robust and mature platform that scientists can rely on to test, advance, and implement new sensors. We are excited that Orion’s cutting-edge OSIRIS project leverages autonomous systems to collect space weather data from the most remote parts of our oceans,” says Shane Goodenough, CEO of Liquid Robotics. Despite initial and important advances made by Orion in previous years, there had not been sufficient progress in developing scientific instruments for collecting space physics data from the ocean surface. However, with OSIRIS, this has changed. The system allows imaging of common and “Earth-impacting” atmospheric phenomenon such as ionospheric plasma bubbles and traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), increasing our understanding and ability to react to these effects, as well as opening up new research opportunities for the science community. The OSIRIS system manages the ocean’s environmental challenges by using a 2- or 3-axis gimballed platform for sensor stabilization, compensating for the continuous motion of the Wave Glider caused by ocean waves. This enables the system to maintain pointing stability during the acquisition period, which can range from 15 seconds to 5 minutes.The OSIRIS system uses all-sky imaging to capture the nightglow emissions, allowing imaging of ionospheric plasma bubbles and TIDs. This capability represents a transformative advancement in observational capability for studying the ionosphere and will open the way for new research activities in the field of heliophysics. Liquid Robotics’ Wave Glider, a long-duration USV, harnesses wave energy for forward propulsion and collects solar energy to power onboard electronics and sensors. As it is entirely energy self-sufficient, the Wave Glider can stay on mission for more than 6 months at a time, providing real-time data and communications across a wide range of sea states and environmental conditions. The open and extensible architecture of the Wave Glider allows for custom integration of sensors and payloads, such as OSIRIS. Previous Next Apr 18, 2023 Novel Ionosphere Images collected from Wave Glider in Pacific Ocean

Orion’s Chip Scale Atomic Clock provides critical positioning and tracking data for the CAPSTONE Moon Mission LOUISVILLE, Co., July 18, 2022 — NASA launched its Cislunar Autonomous Positioning System Technology Operations and Navigation Experiment (CAPSTONE) on June 28, as a part of the Artemis program, to study a specific orbit for the future Gateway lunar station. Led by Advanced Space, this mission is test driving orbital analysis that will enable NASA’s future exploration efforts. Orion Space Solutions (OSS) provides a critical satellite component that will support mission success. Space systems need reliable timing information when flying beyond well-understood orbits, into regions where GPS and other communication signals lose contact with Earth-based systems or control centers. Lacking the information provided by these standard communications, mission operators lose positioning and navigation knowledge and capabilities. The longer a system goes without updated information, the more likely it can drift away from its intended trajectory, resulting in higher potential for mission error or risk. To address this problem, OSS engineers developed the Chip Scale Atomic Clock, or CSAC, as an important part of the CAPSTONE experiment. CSAC is a precision clock able to provide critical positioning and timing data while the small satellite is in the near-rectilinear halo orbit, which is the planned orbit for the Gateway station to the moon on its future lunar mission. The low size, weight, and power of the CSAC system means it is easily integrated into CubeSats and other small satellites. Several OSS space-based programs use CSAC, giving the equipment flight-proven status. “OSS engineers and scientists develop space solutions that work,” says Mr. Erik Stromberg, OSS Senior Director of Special Programs. “With humans returning to the moon, CSAC’s ability to maintain positioning and timing data for any potential dropouts in signal are essential contributions to keeping astronauts and satellites safe for programs, such as CAPSTONE.” “CSAC will provide reliable timing information to maintain a highly accurate positioning indicator for when systems have a loss of communication or positioning for the CAPSTONE mission. While the halo orbit will not put the spacecraft behind the moon, allowing for stable communication back to Earth, no spacecraft has ever operated in the designated orbit for this mission before,” explains Mr. Gerald Thompson, Senior VP of Strategy. CAPSTONE is set to arrive at the moon in November, when it will begin its 6-month long primary mission. Previous Next Jul 17, 2022 Orion Space Solutions supports CAPSTONE Program for NASA Moon Missions

SENSOR AND PAYLOAD DESIGN Orion Space Solutions provides customers with state-of-the-art programmable instrumentation for monitoring space weather from anywhere in the world or space. Our advanced autonomous instruments cover remote regions and oceanic environments with unparalleled performance and versatility. High performance payloads and spacecraft Orion Space Solutions has extensive experience designing and integrating high-performing payloads on small satellites. Our sensorsats are built to ensure compatibility with joint operational needs and our spacecraft platforms assure maximum flexibility in payload access and reconfigurability throughout the assembly, integration and test process. CONTACT US Orion sensor capabilities span the electromagnetic spectrum We provide integrated, comprehensive solutions for Earth observations across the spectrum—from radio frequency to high frequency and infrared—as well as supporting observations of e-field particles, and other remote and in-situ observational missions.

Orion Space Solutions announced today that it has been awarded new work from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to support its Advanced Access Methods for Earth Observations Digital Twin program. CHANTILLY, Va., Dec. 12, 2024 — Orion Space Solutions (Orion), a wholly owned subsidiary of Arcfield, announced today that it has been awarded new work from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to support its Advanced Access Methods for Earth Observations Digital Twin program (EO-DT). Work on the two-year program kicked off this month in Silver Spring, Maryland. NOAA’s Advanced Access Methods for EO-DT program was created to improve the management and dissemination of critical data observed using digital twins of Earth by leveraging the principles of open science, FAIR data and interoperability to serve its diverse user base. Specifically, the Orion team will evaluate how NOAA can leverage natural language processing (NLP) and large language models (LLM) to streamline and accelerate access to the terabytes of data the agency collects from diverse satellite sources. As one of the awardees of the NOAA EO-DT Joint Ventures Program Broad Agency Announcement, Orion used advanced artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies to build a dynamic digital twin platform to process, analyze and visualize Earth observations. By running high-performance computing models in the cloud, the Orion platform connects space, atmosphere, land and sea observations into a single location, allowing the user to model and understand current, future and hypothetical scenarios. “At Orion, we take pride in our ability to apply scientific rigor and innovation to uncover new capabilities in mission-critical areas for our customers,” said Chad Fish, president and general manager of Orion. “We have already proven how AI can be leveraged for enhanced space domain awareness and Earth observation, and we are excited to extend that work to satellite mission planning.” Building on the success of the EO-DT program, Orion will utilize NLP and LLM for advanced data processing, focusing specifically on the intersections of satellite digital twins, space weather and space domain awareness. An emphasis will be placed on leveraging prior Orion research to maintain credibility and information integrity when using these tools. “Data is only as valuable as the insights that are gleaned from it,” said Kevin Kelly, chief executive officer at Arcfield. “We are thrilled to expand on our successes from the EO-DT program and to demonstrate how we can transform observations into actionable insight that can be applied to real-world problems.” About Orion Space Solutions, an Arcfield Company Orion, a wholly owned subsidiary of Arcfield, was born from the vision to apply fundamental space physics knowledge to real-world problems. A leader in the small satellite industry, Orion leverages scientific and engineering expertise to develop unique solutions to address complex space-based challenges to turn science into data and data into knowledge. Visit orion.arcfield.com for more details. # # # Press Contact: Katerina Figurski Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer 571.401.2155 katerina.figurski@arcfield.com Previous Next Dec 12, 2024 Orion Space Solutions kicks off work leveraging artificial intelligence to conduct advanced data processing for NOAA

Previous Next DARLA AMMIDOWN Chief of Staff Darla brings to the table a wealth of expertise garnered over three decades of dedicated leadership in operations, accounting and finance. With an extensive background overseeing multifaceted teams, she has honed her skills in optimizing organizational efficiency and driving financial success. Having navigated various corporate landscapes, including publicly traded entities, Darla has gained invaluable experience leading SEC reporting efforts and collecting key performance metrics to ensure transparency and accountability at every level. Her diverse industry exposure spans manufacturing, aerospace and higher education, giving her a comprehensive understanding of the nuances and challenges inherent in each sector. In her role as the chief of staff at Orion Space Solutions, Darla spearheads information technology initiatives while seamlessly integrating functional areas across the organization. Her strategic acumen and adeptness at fostering cross-functional collaboration are instrumental in moving Orion towards its objectives with agility and innovation. Darla holds a Bachelor of Science degree in accounting and finance management from Northeastern University and a Master of Business Administration degree from Daniel Webster College.

ABOUT ORION At Orion Space Solutions we are scientists, engineers and businesspeople dedicated to solving global problems that affect how humankind lives, works and plays on our planet and in space. We turn science into data, and data into knowledge. Building on a foundation of science and technology, Orion delivers successful space missions and actionable data intelligence through the design, development, and deployment of models, spacecraft and sensors. EXPERIENCE With a combined breadth of experience spanning several decades and multiple disciplines, the Orion team solves unique challenges, provides customized science and engineering solutions and delivers results for our customers. EXPERTISE Our partners and collaborators around the world rely on us to develop and deploy cutting-edge instrumentation, allowing for complete and reliable solutions. EXCELLENCE We have a reputation for "building things that work," and are committed to continually improving quality and performance. Our values DEFENSE AND INTELLIGENCE We implement mission solutions that push the boundaries of science and provide critical information and a decision advantage in support of national security. FEDERAL CIVILIAN We provide crucial support to civilian agencies by delivering innovative solutions that enhance safety, communication and various public services. COMMERCIAL SPACE We enable the growth of commercial space enterprises through essential technology and operations support, driving the expansion and success of the space industry. Markets we serve A look at our past For nearly two decades, Orion has been trusted to develop space-based solutions for national security and intelligence mission challenges, built on a foundation of science. By the numbers YEARS OF INNOVATION 20+ SYSTEMS DEPLOYED GLOBALLY AND IN SPACE 65+ COMPLETED PROGRAMS 200+ TERABYTES OF DATA COLLECTED AND PROCESED 3,500+

KEEP DOING THE WORK THAT MATTERS We value and honor the character, experience and skills possessed by those who have served our country. In fact, nearly 25% of our employees are veterans or reservists. At Orion, you can bring the skills you learned in the military to work with you from day one supporting a wide variety of critical missions. It’s the perfect place for you to transition to a civilian career while maintaining your connection to the armed forces. HEROES WORK HERE JUNK WILSON U.S. Air Force First Lieutenant DAN KNIGHT U.S. AIR FORCE Colonel ANDREW BIGLEY U.S AIR FORCE Major

OSS PRISM Effort Creates Early Warnings for Catastrophes & Improves Preparedness for Space Weather In March 1989, three separate seemingly unrelated events occurred resulting in a widespread electrical blackout for Northeastern Canada and the US. A tripped circuit transformer blew up in the Hydro-Québec power grid left 6 million people without electricity. A week earlier, an unusually harsh snowstorm had strained the region; the day before, a solar flare and accompanying release of plasma and magnetic field sent a mountain of energy propelling toward Earth at a million miles an hour. The complex interactions of these interconnected systems – environmental science, space weather and solar activity – pushed the electric power grid to a tipping point that could not be understood when only looking at these systems individually--not as a whole. within any single one of those systems. The P redictive R isk I nvestigation S ystem for M ultilayer Dynamic Interconnection Analysis (PRISM ) aims to harness data in order to identify risk factors across domains for catastrophic events such as the 1989 blackout – which impacted transportation, food, water, health and finance and racked up costs exceeding $2 billion. The National Science Foundation (NSF) funded the program and Ryan M. McGranaghan , Principal Data Scientist and Aerospace Engineering Scientist at ASTRA, LLC co-leads the project. ASTRA’s team of experts in fields of space weather and data science, combined with professionals in statistics, computer science, finance, energy, agriculture, ecology, hydrology, and climate, the PRISM effort will integrate data across different areas to improve risk prediction. “We want to quantify the risks that the worst-case scenarios present, and ultimately use that understanding to improve the resilience of our human-natural systems,” said McGranaghan, who is a principal investigator on the two-year, $2.42 million grant, which emerged from the NSF’s Harnessing the Data Revolution Big Idea activity. “Our approach is to identify systemic risks – those that tie together different domains and have the biggest spillover potential – and data-driven tools to better control them,”McGranaghan said. If systems had been in place to recognize the heightened risks caused by the snowstorm and the solar flare, the 1989 power outage may have been averted or at least minimized. Similarly, understanding the ways it affected systems such as health care and transportation could help policymakers plan a more effective response. The transdisciplinary approach is essential, something McGranaghan likes to describe as anti disciplinary, meaning the space between fields, because today’s world is composed of highly interconnected and interdependent systems, and no single expert is equipped to identify the signs of risk or the full impact of catastrophes. The key is to use data science to help integrate information to find patterns. “Our technologically-dependent society operates in a new environment, one with increasing complexity and scale, and requires convergence between disciplines to understand when critical systems are stressed and strained and to prepare effective and timely responses,” said McGranaghan. The researchers plan to assemble large datasets across sectors such as agriculture, climate and energy to create an interactive data library. Once they’ve developed this library, they’ll use cutting-edge data analysis to identify what they’ve called critical risk indicators – quantifiable information associated with risk exposure, particularly for potential catastrophes. They’ll also employ machine learning to look for anomalies in the data that might lead to new insights. The researchers will then focus their efforts on identifying risk interconnections, and systemically important risk indicators across the different domains, in order to both predict potential hazards and to lessen the possible system-wide losses once they’ve occurred. Members of the team shared that they plan to examine known risk indicators and apply data science to identify new ones. As part of the project, the researchers will work with stakeholders in the relevant fields, in hopes that policymakers would incorporate their findings. Their goal is to help create early warnings for catastrophes and improve preparedness for devastating events worldwide. Previous Next Jun 3, 2020 OSS PRISM

Roundtable experts will strategize on how to advance space weather forecasting and research efforts, and improve preparedness for space weather events. LOUISVILLE, Co., July 13, 2022 — The U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine selected Dr. Geoff Crowley, CEO and Founder of Louisville-based Orion Space Solutions, to co-chair its recently created Government-University-Commercial Space Weather Roundtable. Created to expand public understanding of space weather’s social and economic impact, the roundtable realizes a recommendation of the Promoting Research and Observations of Space Weather to Improve the Forecasting of Tomorrow (PROSWIFT) Act, which became law in October 2020. Roundtable members will facilitate exchange of information and understanding among government participants in the Space Weather Operations, Research, and Mitigation (SWORM) Interagency Working Group, the academic community, and the commercial space weather sector to support space weather-related decisions. The roundtable includes 17 space weather experts and stakeholders selected from government, industry, and academia. The group will focus on issues including developing resilience to severe space weather events, communication of risk from space weather events, and identifying steps to improve research to operations and operations to research pathways. “Space weather forecasting is in infancy as compared to weather forecasting – leveraging PROSWIFT direction, the U.S. Government hopes to expand public awareness of potentially disastrous effects of severe space weather on ground-based and space-based assets,” explains Crowley. “The group includes scientists, engineers and policy experts, and environmental (Earth, space, and Sun) professionals who will help identify pathways to improve the nation’s space weather understanding and actionable responses to extreme events.” In convening senior-level decision makers, scientists, and industry experts, the Space Weather Roundtable will facilitate advances in the scientific knowledge of space weather phenomena, forecasting of space weather events, and impacts of space weather on Earth. “Since inception in 2005, Orion Space Solutions has taken a similar approach, turning scientific understanding of space into actionable information that supports our customers and the public good,” Crowley says. Previous Next Jul 27, 2022 OSS Founder and CEO Co-chairs New National Academies of Sciences Space Weather Roundtable

NOAA Funds Orion Space Solutions Study to Define Future Weather Satellite Constellation Louisville, Co., June 22, 2020 — The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration awarded ASTRA, LLC a six-month contract to design a constellation of low Earth orbit (LEO) CubeSats able to meet the agency’s future global weather data requirements. Part of NOAA’s initiative to advance the capability of its Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R satellite series, the agency seeks next-generation weather satellite systems from various orbits. For the geostationary (GEO) orbit, ASTRA will provide a study on GEO-utilization of Common LEO Architecture for Weather (G-CLAW) for imager- and sounder-based mission architecture and constellation design to provide NOAA with novel weather imagery and data. "As an industry leader in space science technology and research, ASTRA is proud to be chosen by NOAA to provide a next-generation LEO constellation architecture study that delivers a sustainable and cost-beneficial platform in support of NOAA’s mission to understand and predict changes to climate, weather, oceans, and our coastlines," says Bill Baker, ASTRA Senior Vice President of Data Solutions. With support from Science and Technology Corporation and Lockheed Martin, ASTRA will study a common 12U satellite approach, hosting a suite of infrared and microwave sounders, a GPS/GNSS sounder, and imager concepts that meet the mission requirements and standards for NOAA. "Data generated by satellite imagers/sounders in LEO and GEO orbits fuel NOAA's weather models and real-time forecasting capabilities, ensuring that the nation's decision makers have highly capable systems able to support critical decisions," says Dr. Scott Jensen, project principal investigator and ASTRA's Sr. Vice President for Technology. "ASTRA looks forward to providing NOAA with our G-CLAW study showing how a LEO constellation architecture may be used to meet LEO/GEO data needs and the agency's mission requirements for its next-generation satellite systems." Previous Next Jun 21, 2020 NOAA Funds Orion Space Solutions Study

Previous Next DAN KNIGHT VP, Sensors and Data Integration Dan leads the ground sensor and platform engineering portfolio at Orion Space Solutions. In this capacity, he heads the development of new electromagnetic sensor technologies and the modernization of legacy sensors as well as leading platform engineering[JB1] efforts, which provides cutting-edge compute architecture and capacity for scientific models and satellite programs. He is also responsible for supporting data platform requirements for sensors and other capabilities in addition to the delivery of operational decision support. Dan graduated from the United States Air Force Academy with a Bachelor of Science degree and holds master’s degrees from the Naval Post-Graduate School of International Graduate Studies in national security studies and from the University of LaVerne in organizational management. During his 28-year career in the Air Force, he held a variety of roles involving plans, political-military affairs, force support, communications, logistics, contracting and security at base level, headquarters and combatant command level.